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Cnc Beam Saw Machine Programming

Published on the August 02, 2025 in IT & Programming

About this project

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I'm looking for a programmer to create a simple program to control a CNC beam saw machine.

The program will control electric motors via inverters, 1.8kW AC servo motors with gearboxes, solenoid valves, and pneumatic actuators.

The program will position the material at the correct distance during cutting and automatically cut it according to the specified parameters.

CNC Beam Saw Structure:

The main structure of a CNC beam saw consists of:
- a main frame on which the saw carriage moves
- an upper beam that presses the material
- a rear roller pusher that presses narrow materials during cutting
- a rear beam for the furniture board/plywood feeder

1. Saw Carriage
Moves left and right. Allows for cutting boards.
The boards are cut from left to right. The carriage mechanism consists of:
- 7.5kW main motor and a 300mm diameter cutting blade
- Pneumatic cylinder for lifting the main blade
- 3 cylinders limiting the maximum lifting height of the cutting blade (for a total of 4 possible heights)
- 0.75kW auxiliary motor and a 185mm diameter scoring blade
- Pneumatic cylinder for lifting the scoring blade
- Sensors for lifting the main and scoring blades

Main saw blade lifting height adjustment (can be changed in the settings):
- For furniture boards up to 18mm thick - Height I (first limiting cylinder + lifting cylinder engaged)
- For furniture boards from 19mm to 34mm thick - Height II (second limiting cylinder + lifting cylinder engaged)
- For furniture boards from 35mm to 49mm thick - Height III (third limiting cylinder + lifting cylinder engaged)
- For furniture boards Furniture panels over 50mm thick - height IV (limiting cylinders disabled, lifting cylinder enabled)

Additionally, two limit switches are mounted on the main frame of the machine to determine the maximum travel position of the saw carriage:
- left sensor - "0" position, rest position
- right sensor - maximum cutting distance

The saw carriage is moved by a 1.8kW AC servo motor, a bevel gear, and a chain.
This is a good solution because if we are cutting furniture panels with a width of, for example, 1220mm and the entire carriage is 800mm wide, the saw does not need to travel the entire length of the machine during cutting (approximately 4800mm); a length of 1220+800mm is sufficient to cut the entire width of the panel. Controlling the AC Servo motor is faster and simpler than with a standard electric motor.
The working width of the saw carriage must be adjustable. Settings.

2. Upper material pressure beam with rear roller pusher
This consists of a massive steel profile that moves up and down using two pneumatic cylinders. During cutting, after setting the desired cutting size, the upper beam lowers and presses the furniture boards against the main work table.

The rear roller pusher is mounted on the upper pressure beam. It consists of a bearing roller that moves up and down and left and right using two pneumatic cylinders.
When cutting large boards, this roller is raised and moved as far to the right as possible.
If narrow boards that may shift need to be cut, the machine first feeds the material using the rear feeder, then lowers the roller pusher and moves it as far to the right as possible to press the material being cut. During cutting, the roller rotates, preventing the material from shifting, ensuring a perfect cut edge and straight angles.

3. Rear feeder beam for furniture boards/plywood.
It consists of a massive steel beam to which pneumatically clamped clamps are mounted. These clamps "grab" the material to be cut and move it the appropriate preset distance.
The beam moves on roller guides and a toothed rack. The drive is provided by a 1.8 kW AC servo motor and a planetary gear.
The feeder beam has two sensors that determine the maximum travel distance and a "zero" point for machine positioning.
Additionally, two pneumatic actuators are mounted on the rear feeder beam for furniture boards/plywood to lock the set position. They clamp during cutting, preventing the feeder beam from moving.

Just remember that the feeder bar holders engage the cutting line, and if you're cutting very narrow furniture board formats, the rear roller pusher must not interfere with the feeder bar holders.

4. Machine Control Program Operation

After powering on, the entire machine control program loads. Next, the machine must be positioned:

- The saw carriage moves fully to the left until the left edge sensor is activated.
- The rear panel feeder bar moves fully forward (toward the operator) until the front edge sensor is activated.

The machine is now ready for operation.

Settings that are not lost when the machine is turned off (but can be changed in the settings):
- Main saw blade cutting width (default 3mm)
- Standard furniture board/plywood dimensions
- Edge trimming/alignment (in mm - default 10mm)

How the program works:
To cut a whole board into equal pieces, I need several cutting patterns (1-10).
Each pattern can have a different cutting width and total thickness of the pieces to be cut (stackable).
Each pattern can contain up to 10 different-sized pieces and their number.
The program must check whether the sum of the lengths of all pieces to be cut, the sum of the saw blade cutting width, and the edge width to be aligned fit the total length of the board being cut.

Example:
- I enter the total board length of 2500mm
- I enter the board width of 1250mm
- I enter the furniture board thickness of 18mm
- I specify the cutting sizes:
1. 600mm / 1 pc
2. 700mm / 1 pc
3. 350mm / 3 pcs
100mm / 1 pc

First, I position the material in the machine. The rear feed beam moves as far forward as possible to facilitate material positioning. Then, the handles clamp and move the entire board backward so that the edge can be aligned. This means it is set to the 2500mm-(10mm-3mm) position, so that the total thickness of the aligned edge is 10mm (taking into account the width of the cutting saw).
The first cut is made – the edge alignment.
The upper pressure beam lowers and presses the furniture board against the work table. The main saw and scoring unit raise (to the height corresponding to the thickness of the board being cut), and the drive motor moves the cutting mechanism to the right, cutting the board. The cutting length is equal to the board width (1250mm) and the cutting mechanism width (800mm). The saws then lower and return to the left. The pressure beam raises, and the rear material feeder beam moves 600mm (+ 3mm for the saw cutting thickness) to cut the first set piece. The cutting process repeats.


4. I'd also like to add a visual display of the cutting blade position. A different lighting section on the machine (LED strip) will light up depending on their position.
The total length of the machine is 4800mm, so there will be 12 sections of 400mm each.
While cutting, the LED strip will glow red (each section lights up individually depending on its position). When the blade is lowered, the LED strip will glow yellow (each section lights up individually depending on its position).
"When idle," all LED strips glow green.

In the event of a fault or problem, the LED strips flash red.

The same signal will be provided on the main control cabinet via a 24V LED light pole.

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I currently have purchased:
- an inverter to power the main motor
- a scoring saw motor powered by a contactor
- a 10.1" touchscreen for the Raspberry Waveshare 11870
- a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+

I can also purchase:
- a Samkoon PLC controller
- an HMI touchscreen for the PLC controller

What's the easiest way to implement this control? What can you suggest?

Category IT & Programming
Subcategory Apps programming. Android, iOS and others
What is the scope of the project? Create a new app
Is this a project or a position? Project
I currently have I have specifications
Required availability As needed
Required platforms Other
I need to Create an app
App type Utility - Utility application (flash, calculator, etc.)
Back-end is required No
Payment gateway No

Delivery term: Not specified

Skills needed